Carry lookahead adders (CLAs) are extensively used in digital circuits due to their logarithmic computational time (O(log n)) compared to linear computational time(O(n)) in the ripple carry adders. In this paper, two design approaches for N-digits ternary logic CLA based on K-map and threshold logic methods are proposed in addtion to their realization using CNTFETs only and memristor with CNTFETs. Finally, 4-bit ternary CLA is presented. A comparison and tradeoffs among the proposed designs are presented in terms of the delay and the area. The comparison shows that the transistor-only-based

Supercapacitors, which are now widely used as power sources in various applications, are discharged with one of the following three basic discharge modes: a constant current load, a constant resistance load or a constant power load. A constant current load is one which varies its internal resistance to achieve a constant current regardless of the applied voltage. For the constant resistance case, it results in a change of power as the voltage level changes. And for a constant power load, the load varies its impedance as the input voltage changes in order to keep the power constant. However

This paper presents a multiplierless based FPGA implementation for six different chaotic Pseudo Random Number Generators (PRNGs) that are based on: Chua, modified Lorenz, modified Rössler, Frequency Dependent Negative Resistor (FDNR) oscillator, and other two systems that are modelled using the simple jerk equation. These chosen systems can be employed in high speed applications because they don't utilize any hardware multiplier. The proposed PRNGs have been implemented using VHDL, synthesized on Xilinx, using the FPGA: XC5VLX50T, and tested using the NIST statistical suite. Furthermore, a

Fractional-order models of supercapacitors are advantageous in that they have fewer terms, offering simpler expressions to accurately describe the transient characteristics of these devices than integer-order models. When evaluating the discharge characteristics of supercapacitors, a constant current is often considered which does necessarily represent real-world applications. In this work, the voltage discharging expressions of a fractional-order model of a supercapacitor to time-varying polynomial discharging currents are presented using simulations to highlight the different cases. In

This paper investigates the multi-switching master–slave synchronization of non-identical chaotic systems in which state variables of a master system are synchronized with different state variables of a slave system using the sliding mode control technique. To design the appropriate controllers via sliding mode control for different switches, Lyapunov stability theory is taken into account. Theoretical results are applied by considering two non-identical chaotic systems where one is considered as master system and another is considered as slave system. Numerical simulations are performed to

In this chapter, the multiswitching synchronization scheme has been investigated for a class of nonidentical fractional order hyperchaotic systems. The multiswitching complete synchronization scheme has been examined such that the state variables of the slave system synchronize with different state variables of the master system. For the synchronization of two nonidentical fractional order hyperchaotic systems suitable controllers have been designed using active control technique. The stability of fractional order chaotic systems has been used to stabilize the error dynamical system. Two

Chaos theory deals with the behavior of dynamical systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions. Chaotic systems are characterized by the property that small changes in the initial conditions result in widely diverging responses. In this paper, new control schemes of synchronization for different arbitrary incommensurate and commensurate fractional order chaotic systems are presented. Synchronization stability, based on stability of linear fractional-order systems and fractional Lyapunov stability, is proved theoretically. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the

Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin film solar cells are usually fabricated on a soda lime glass substrate with a molybdenum (Mo) back contact. It is suspected that degradation in electrical performance occurs due to the formation of a barrier between the absorber and Mo back contact. To overcome such degradation, Titanium Nitride (TiN), Titanium Tungsten (TiW), Chromium (Cr), Titanium (Ti) and Aluminum (Al) deposited on Mo-coated glass substrates are investigated as alternative back contact materials. Physical and electrical characterization as well as photoluminescence measurements are performed. Compositional

In this paper we study the problem of tag identification in multi-reader RFID systems. In particular, we propose a novel solution to the reader-to-reader collisions and tag collisions in multi-reader systems, using the concept of bit tracking [1]. Towards this objective, we propose the multi-reader RFID tag identification using bit tracking (MRTI-BT) algorithm which allows concurrent tag identification, by neighboring RFID readers, as opposed to time-consuming scheduling. First, MRTI-BT identifies tags exclusive to different RFIDs, concurrently. Second, the concept of bit tracking and the

This paper develops a novel framework for sharing secret keys using the Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) protocol. We first characterize the underlying information theoretic limits, under different assumptions on the channel spatial and temporal correlation function. Our analysis reveals a novel role of dumb antennas in overcoming the negative impact of spatial correlation on the achievable secrecy rates. We further develop an adaptive rate allocation policy, which achieves higher secrecy rates in temporally correlated channels, and explicit constructions for ARQ secrecy coding that enjoy low