A structure suitable for implementing power-law low-pass and high-pass filter transfer functions is presented in this work. Through the utilization of a field-programmable analog array device, full programmability of the characteristics of the intermediate stages, as is required for realizing the rational integer-order transfer function that approximates the corresponding power-law function, was achieved, making the structure versatile. In addition, a comparison between power-law and fractional-order filters regarding the effect of the non-integer order was performed. The presented design

In this paper, we report on the design of a class of analog filters based on the cascode circuit structure surrounded by four impedances. The proposed topology is systematically investigated using two-port network techniques and symbolic math CAD tools. A total of 106 second-order filter circuits can be obtained from this class including 9 low-pass filters, 6 high-pass filters, 73 bandpass filters, 6 band-stop filters, and 12 gain equalizer/all-pass filters. Post-layout simulations in 65-nm CMOS technology of selected members of this family of filters are provided and prove its correct

This study attempted to investigate the removal of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen (NH4-N), and total phosphorus (TP) from secondary treated domestic wastewater using algal photo-bioreactor. A semi-pilot plant was constructed and operated for 112 days under continuous flow conditions at Zenin wastewater treatment plant, Giza, Egypt (WWTP) which consists of an algal photo-bioreactor with an effective volume of 188 litters and a lamella settler. The removal of the studied parameters was studied at different hydraulic

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using chemically prepared and green synthesized nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has proved to be effective in removing organic contaminants. The green synthesized nano iron (GT-nZVI) was prepared by using extracted black tea reducing agent. The prepared nZVI particles were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) analysis. The main purpose of this study is to compare between chemically prepared nZVI and GT-nZVI in the biological oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiency from

The use of water main break history as a proxy for condition has become common practice because of the high costs associated with direct assessments. Statistical deterioration models predict future water main breaks on the basis of historical patterns. Many municipalities are beginning to understand the value of utilizing water pipe break histories to manage their noncritical distribution networks via deterioration models. This paper presents a generic IDEF0 process model for developing water main deterioration models. Two common statistical deterioration models for water pipes are compared

Condition assessment is an integral component in any infrastructure asset management system. Without condition information, asset managers lack the ability to make appropriate decisions regarding needed maintenance, rehabilitation, and replacement of infrastructure. Existing and emerging technologies for assessing the condition of water and sewer pipes provide a better picture of the state of these buried assets. Unfortunately, many of these technologies are costly and provide results that are not always highly reliable. This paper presents a methodology to assist asset managers in balancing

The aim of this paper is to introduce an improved strategy for controlling COVID-19 and other pandemic episodes as an environmental disinfection culture for public places. The scheduling aims at achieving the best utilization of the available working day-time hours, which is calculated as the total consumed disinfection times minus the total loosed transportation times. The proposed problem in network optimization identifies a disinfection group who is likely to select a route to reach a subset of predetermined public places to be regularly disinfected with the most utilization of the

Information extraction and reasoning from massive high-dimensional data at dynamic contexts, is very demanding and yet is very hard to obtain in real-time basis. However, such process capability and efficiency might be affected and limited by the available computational resources and the consequent power consumption. Conventional search mechanisms are often incapable of real-time fetching a predefined content from data source, without concerning the increased number of connected devices that contribute to the same source. In this work, we propose and present a concept for an efficient approach

In this paper, we investigate the stability of a cooperative cognitive system. We propose a cooperative secondary transmitter-receiver system (CSTR), where, the secondary transmitter (ST) and the secondary receiver (SR) increase the spectrum availability for the ST packets by relaying the unsuccessfully transmitted packets of the primary transmitter (PT). We assume receiving nodes with multipacket reception capability (MPR). We provide two inner bounds and two outer bounds on the stability region of the considered system. © 2013 ICST - The Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics

Due to the large usage of internet, our environment is transformed into digital society, in which everything is connected together and can be accessed from anywhere. This is the Internet of things (IoT), which refers to the usage of intelligently connected devices and systems. These devices usually collect their data from sensors and actuators in machines and other physical objects. This makes Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) a subset of an Internet of things (IoT) topology, and hence it acts like a bridge that connects the real world to the digital world. So it is important to find a flexible